Кисленко Сергей Леонидович – доктор юридических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры криминалистики
123242, г. Москва, ул. Садовая-Кудринская, 9/11
AuthorID: 343056
Sergey L. Kislenko – Doctor of Law, Associate Professor; Associate Professor, Department of Criminology
9/11, Sadovaya-Kudrinskaya ul., Moscow, 123242
AuthorID: 343056
Смушкин Александр Борисович – кандидат юридических наук, доцент, ведущий специалист проектного офиса научных программ и исследований, доцент кафедры криминалистики
410056, г. Саратов, ул. Чернышевского, 104
ResearcherID: AAM-2853-2020
AuthorID: 439039
Alexander B. Smushkin – Candidate of Law, Associate Professor; Leading Specialist, Project Office of Scientific Programs and Research; Associate Professor, Department of Criminology
104, Chernyshevskogo ul., Saratov, 410056
ResearcherID: AAM-2853-2020
AuthorID: 439039
Энергетические системы всех стран мира в условиях вооруженных конфликтов всё чаще подвергаются внешним физическим атакам, в том числе с использованием передовых технологий (например, беспилотных аппаратов). Поскольку от функционирования таких систем зависит национальная безопасность страны, актуализируются вопросы своевременного пресечения подобных атак и выявления лиц, их осуществивших. Передовая роль в данном процессе отводится криминалистическим средствам, приемам и методам расследования данных криминальных событий. В статье выделяются проблемные аспекты, связанные с характеристиками объектов энергетического комплекса, технологиями их функционирования, типами беспилотных аппаратов и их конструктивными особенностями, а также современными техническими и кадровыми возможностями правоохранительных органов по обеспечению процесса обнаружения, фиксации и изъятия следовой информации.
The subject of the study is the tactics of inspecting accident sites associated with acts of illegal interference in the activities of energy facilities using unmanned vehicles.
The purpose of the article is to develop forensic recommendations on the use of tactical techniques for inspecting the scene of an accident, unmanned vehicles themselves and their control devices.
Research methods: The article is based on the use of materialistic dialectics as a universal method, as well as general scientific methods such as methods of analysis, synthesis, modeling, extrapolation and others.
The results of the study: It is stated that in the light of the unfolding situation, the key security role in countering attacks by unmanned means of energy facilities should, in our deep conviction, be assigned to forensic science, since following only legal regulations does not always allow us to effectively solve the tasks of law enforcement in accordance with dynamically developing situations. Meanwhile, modern investigators often do not have sufficient competencies and knowledge to investigate crimes committed using UAVs, the authors emphasize that, in this regard, investigators should have information about the typing and the main technical parameters of unmanned vehicles. The article presents the main criminalistically significant classification options for unmanned objects, defines the procedure for inspection of UAVs. At the same time, the importance of urgently studying the volatile memory of a working device is stated.
Conclusions about the achievement of the research goal: the paper proposes adaptive algorithms for the investigator's actions in various investigative situations: when the functioning of the device was suppressed by electronic warfare; when the UAV was physically damaged or destroyed; when an attacker with a UAV control device (remote control, smartphone, laptop, special glasses, etc.) was detained at the scene; when the control device is detected, but the attacker himself has disappeared; when the attacker has destroyed the control device; when information from the UAV (video and sensor readings) was transmitted not only to the operator's device, but also to another addressee; when the operator was detained on the territory of the fuel and energy complex. It is stated that the tactical and organizational component of inspections of accident sites at energy facilities may vary depending on the types of criminal encroachment mechanism and the characteristics of the encroachment objects themselves. In addition, it is impossible to ignore the inter-level connections expressed in the specifics of the organization of interaction between law enforcement agencies with specialists of energy companies and other knowledgeable persons during investigative inspections.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.