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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pravo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Правоприменение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Law Enforcement Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1514</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4050</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Dostoevsky Omsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52468/2542-1514.2026.10(2).5-14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pravo-1254</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY AND HISTORY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вопросы собственности в работе Лоренца фон Штейна  «К аграрному вопросу» (историко-теоретический экскурс)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Property issues in Lorenz von Stein's work “On the agrarian question” (a historical and theoretical excursus)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евстратов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evstratov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евстратов Александр Эдуардович – кандидат  юридических наук, доцент кафедры теории и истории государства и права  </p><p>644077, г. Омск, пр. Мира, 55а</p><p>AuthorID: 317077 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr E. Evstratov  – PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of State and Law </p><p>55а, Mira pr., Omsk, 644077</p><p> AuthorID: 317077</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EvstratovAE@omsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бирюков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Biryukov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бирюков Сергей Викторович – кандидат юридических наук, доцент кафедры теории и истории  государства и права </p><p>644077, г. Омск, пр. Мира, 55а</p><p>AuthorID: 195718 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Biryukov – PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of State and Law</p><p>55а, Mira pr., Omsk, 644077</p><p>AuthorID: 195718 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svbir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Омский государственный университет им. Ф.М. Достоевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dostoevsky Omsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>14</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Евстратов А.Э., Бирюков С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Евстратов А.Э., Бирюков С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Evstratov A.E., Biryukov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/1254">https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/1254</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализируется концепция собственности Л. фон Штейна, представленная в работе «К аграрному вопросу». Данный труд рассматривается не только как исторический источник, но и как методологический ресурс для социально-гуманитарных наук. Исследование продиктовано необходимостью переосмысления института собственности в условиях имущественного неравенства, кризиса легитимности крупной собственности, поиска моделей устойчивого развития. Целью является комплексная реконструкция, критический анализ и актуализация взглядов этого исследователя для понимания современных проблем в области философии права, аграрной политики, теории государства и компаративных социально-экономических исследований. Методологическую основу исследования составляет системно-аналитический подход, включающий историко-теоретическую реконструкцию, контекстуальный анализ и проецирование идей Штейна на современные проблемы. Проанализированы основные положения работ Штейна и основных критиков его подхода. Подтверждена актуальность соответствующих идей для анализа связи форм собственности и социальной структуры, решения проблем легитимации собственности, поиска баланса между свободой и справедливостью, роли государства в экономике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The subject</title><p>The subject. This article examines the concept of property in Lorenz von Stein’s work “On the Agrarian Question”. Stein’s treatise is analyzed not merely as a historical document but as a methodological resource for contemporary legal philosophy, agrarian policy, and state theory.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. The research aims to reconstruct, critically assess, and actualize Stein’s theory of property in order to test its heuristic potential for understanding modern challenges: property inequality, legitimacy of large-scale ownership, and the search for sustainable development models. A central objective is to determine whether Stein’s analysis can inform current debates on the social function of property and the role of the state as an arbiter between economic freedom and social justice.</p></sec><sec><title>Methodology</title><p>Methodology. The study employs a systematic-analytical approach that combines historical-theoretical reconstruction, contextual analysis, and projection of Stein’s ideas onto contemporary problems. The authors compare Stein’s positions with those of his critics (Marxists, liberals, conservatives) and with modern theories (neo-institutionalism, sociology of law).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Stein distinguishes two pathways for the genesis of property: conquest and economic activity (labor, house-building, permanent improvement of land). The latter, he argues, organically transforms mere possession into private property. A crucial social consequence is the conversion of economic inequality into legal inequality: “economic classes inevitably become legal classes”. The state, in Stein’s view, acts as an active transformative force, converting “unfree” feudal property into “free” bourgeois property through the “liberation of land”. The paper systematically reviews comprehensive criticism of Stein’s ideas from Marx, Chicherin, Mikhailovsky and other, concluding that although Stein’s project of a “social monarchy” was rejected by almost all ideological camps, his diagnostic framework retains substantial value. Conclusions. The study confirms the enduring relevance of Stein’s sociological approach to property rights, his analysis of the link between forms of ownership and social structure, and his theory of the proactive state. These ideas provide a valuable methodological resource for analyzing contemporary problems of property legitimation, balancing individual freedom with distributive justice, and defining the state’s role in economic regulation. Stein’s work is thus presented not as a mere historical monument but as a living source for interdisciplinary legal and social research.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Лоренц фон Штейн</kwd><kwd>аграрный вопрос</kwd><kwd>собственность</kwd><kwd>землевладение</kwd><kwd>общинное владение</kwd><kwd>частная собственность</kwd><kwd>раскрепощение земли</kwd><kwd>социальное государство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Lorenz von Stein</kwd><kwd>agrarian question</kwd><kwd>property</kwd><kwd>land tenure</kwd><kwd>communal ownership</kwd><kwd>private property</kwd><kwd>liberation of land</kwd><kwd>social state</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рормозер Г. Кризис либерализма / Г. Рормозер ; пер. с нем. А. А. Френкина. – М. : ИФ РАН, 1996. – 289 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rohrmoser G. 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