References

pravo

Правоприменение

Law Enforcement Review

2542-15142658-4050

Dostoevsky Omsk State University

10.24147/2542-1514.2018.2(4).86-97

pravo-197

Research Article

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ НОРМ ПРАВА ОРГАНАМИ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ

THE LAW ENFORCEMENT BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES

Специфика корпоративной модели местного самоуправления и дивергенция современных подходов к самоуправлению на местах в странах Содружества Наций

The specifics of the corporate model of local self-government and the divergence of modern approaches to self-government at the local level in the Commonwealth countries

Ларичев

А. А.

Larichev

кандидат юридических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры административного, финансового и информационного права. SPIN-код: 5047-7453; AuthorID: 507509.

PhD in Law, Associate Professor; Associate Professor, Department of Administrative, Financial and Informational Law

alexander.larichev@gmail.com

Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции (РПА Минюста России), Северный институт (филиал)РоссияAll-Russian State University of Justice, Northern Institute (branch).SPIN-code: 5047-7453; AuthorID: 507509.Russian Federation

2018

28122018

248697

2018

Ларичев А.А.

Larichev A.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/197

Анализируются основные характеристики корпоративной модели местного самоуправления, отраженные в правовом регулировании и правоприменительной прак-тике ряда англосаксонских государств, входящих в Содружество наций. По мнению автора, несмотря на общие правовые и концептуальные истоки института местного самоуправления, в настоящее время в англосаксонских странах наблюдается дивергенция подходов к самоуправлению на местах, что позволяет сделать вывод о формировании также новой, посткорпоративной модели местного самоуправления. Формули-руются основные черты, присущие обеим рассматриваемым моделям местного самоуправления.

The subject of the article is models of local self-government in Commonwealth countries.The purpose of this article is to substantiate or refute the hypothesis post-corporate model of local self-government is evolved.Methods of theoretical analysis are used, as well as legal methods, including the formal legal method and the method of comparative law.The main results and scope of their application. The corporate model of local government can be characterized by the following features: the lack of full constitutional recognition of local government as an independent form of public authority; formal institutional autonomy of municipal units as public (private-public) corporations of a special type that are not included into the system of state power; limited functional autonomy; lack of constitutional recognition of citizens’ or local communities’ right(s) to local self-government; limited accountability of local governments to the population, including the lack of sufficient legislative guarantees for the election of local authorities. These characteristics, grounded also in the historical specificity of local government development in Great Britain and its colonies, as well as in peculiarities of development of municipal units’ status in English law, are determined by the corporate character of municipal government, which does not arise from the power of communities, but is formed by the state "from above". The author also analyzes the differences in approaches to regulation and organization of local government in the Commonwealth countries.

Overcoming the historical heritage, laid by the genesis of municipal corporations, in a number of Commonwealth states, indicates the formation of a new, post-corporate model of local government, which can be characterized by some features: the establishment of constitutional autonomy of local government as a special form of public power, its development as a form of democracy with greater control over the forms of self-government and governance at the local level by the population, as well as the establishment of a link between self-government and the local community. The proposed analysis may become a crucial point for future research in the field of post-corporate model of local self-government.Conclusions. Such countries as Australia and Ireland can presently be considered in a state of transition to the post-corporate model of local self-government.

Местное самоуправлениекорпоративная модельпосткорпоративная модельхарактеристикаместное сообществоанглосаксонские государстваСодружество наций

Local self-governmentcorporate modelpost-corporate modelcharacteristicslocal communityCommonwealth countriesCommonwealth

References1

Local and Regional Democracy in the United Kingdom / Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, Council of Europe. March 26, 2014. 60 p.

Final Report by Expert Panel on Constitutional Recognition of Local Government / Expert Panel Secretariat within the Department of Regional Australia, Regional Development and Local Government, Commonwealth of Australia. Canberra, 2011. 119 p.

Final Report by the Majority Finding of the Expert Panel on Constitutional Recognition of Local Government: the Case for Financial Recognition, the Likelihood of Success and Lessons from the History of Constitutional Referenda / Joint Select Committee on Constitutional Recognition of Local Government, The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. Canberra, 2013. 70 p.

Final Report by the Majority Finding of the Expert Panel on Constitutional Recognition of Local Government: the Case for Financial Recognition, the Likelihood of Success and Lessons from the History of Constitutional Refer-enda / Joint Select Committee on Constitutional Recognition of Local Government, The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. Canberra, 2013. 70 p.

Allen H. Cultivating the Grass Roots: Why Local Government Matters / H. Allen. – Hague: IULA, 1990. – 119 p.

Allen H. Cultivating the Grass Roots: Why Local Government Matters. The Hague: IULA, 1990. 119 p.

Wilson D. Local Government in the United Kingdom / D. Wilson, C. Game; 5th ed. – London: Palgrave Mac-millan, 2011. – 464 p.

Wilson D., Game C. Local Government in the United Kingdom, 5th ed. London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 464 p.

Local Government Reform: A Comparative Analysis of Advanced Anglo-American Countries / B. Dollery, J. Garcea, E.C. LeSage, eds. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2008. 267 p.

Davis H., ed. Quangos and Local Government: A Changing World. London, Frank Cass, 1996. 104 p.

Quangos and Local Government: A Changing World / H. Davis, ed. London, 1996. 104 p.

Richmond D., Siegel D., eds. Agencies, Boards and Commissions in Canadian Local Government. Toronto: Inst. of Public Administration of Canada, 1994. 138 p.

Agencies, Boards and Commissions in Canadian Local Government / D. Richmond, D. Siegel, eds. Toronto: Inst. of Public Administration of Canada, 1994. 138 p.

Tocqueville A. Democracy in America / A. Tocqueville. – Vol. 1. – New York: Harper & Row, 1966.

Tocqueville A. Democracy in America. Vol. 1. New York, Harper & Row, 1966.

Mill J.S. Considerations on Representative Government, Kitchener, Batoche Books., 2001. 219 p.

Odgers W.B. Local Government / W.B. Odgers. – London: Macmillan, 1899. – 293 p.

Odgers W.B. Local Government. London: Macmillan, 1899. 293 p.

Sancton A. The Doctrine of Local Self-Government in British Political Thought / A. Sancton. – Oxford: The Queen’s College, 1969. – 135 p.

Sancton A. The Doctrine of Local Self-Government in British Political Thought. Oxford: The Queen’s College, 1969. 135 p.

Maddicott J. The Origins of the English Parliament, 924–1327 / J. Maddicott. – Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2010. – 526 pp.

Maddicott J. The Origins of the English Parliament, 924–1327. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2010. 526 pp.

Витте С.Ю. По поводу непреложности законов государственной жизни / С.Ю. Витте. – СПб.: Акц. о-во Брокгауз-Ефрон, 1914. – 376 с.

Vitte S.YU. Po povodu neprelozhnosti zakonov gosudarstvennoj zhizni. Saint-Petersburg, Brockhaus and Efron, 1914. 376 p. (In Russ.).

Redlich J. Local Government in England / J. Redlich, F.W. Hirst. – Vol. II. – London, Macmillan, 1903.

Redlich J., Hirst F.W. Local Government in England. Vol. II. London, Macmillan, 1903.

Stubbs W. The Constitutional History of England in its Origin and Development / W. Stubbs. – Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1875. – Vol. 2. – 646 p.

Stubbs W. The Constitutional History of England in its Origin and Development. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1875. Vol. 2. 646 p.

Seymour C.Jr. Electoral Reform in England and Wales / C.Jr. Seymour. – London: General Books, 2010. – 336 p.

Seymour C. Jr. Electoral Reform in England and Wales. London: General Books, 2010. 336 p.

Cooper A. The Forty-Shilling Freeholder / A. Cooper, S. Cooper. URL: http://www.chivalryandwar.co.uk/ Resource/THE%20FORTY%20SHILLING%20FREEHOLDER.pdf.

Cooper A., Cooper S. The Forty-Shilling Freeholder. URL: http://www.chivalryandwar.co.uk/Resource/ THE%20FORTY%20SHILLING%20FREEHOLDER.pdf

Loughlin M. Legality and Locality: The Role of Law in Central-Local Government Relations / M. Loughlin. – Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. – 427 p.

Loughlin M. Legality and Locality: The Role of Law in Central-Local Government Relations. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. 427 p.

Crawford K.G. Canadian Municipal Government / K.G. Crawford. – Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1954. – 407 p.

Crawford K.G. Canadian Municipal Government. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1954. 407 p.

Langrod G. Local Government and Democracy / G. Langrod // Public Administration. – 1953. – Vol. 31.

Langrod G. Local Government and Democracy. Public Administration. 1953. Vol. 31. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-9299.1953.tb01755.x

Austin J. Centralization / J. Austin // Edinburgh Review. – 1847. – Vol. 85.

Austin J. Centralization. Edinburgh Review. 1847. Vol. 85. Pp. 221-258.

Tindal R. Local Government in Canada / R. Tindal, S. Tindal; 7th ed. – Toronto: Nelson, 2009. – 447 p.

Tindal, R., Tindal, S. Local Government in Canada, 7th ed. / R. Tindal, S. Tindal. Toronto: Nelson, 2009. 447 p.

Kaplan H. Reform, Planning and City Politics: Montreal, Winnipeg, Toronto / H. Kaplan. – Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1982.

Kaplan H. Reform, Planning and City Politics: Montreal, Winnipeg, Toronto. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1982.

Carrel A. Citizens’ Hall: Making Local Democracy Work / A. Carrel. – Toronto: Between the Lines, 2001. – 176 p.

Carrel A. Citizens’ Hall: Making Local Democracy Work. Toronto: Between the Lines, 2001. 176 p.

Siegel D. Changing the Municipal Culture: From Comfortable Subordination to Assertive Maturity / D. Siegel // Municipal World. – 2006. March, April.

Siegel D., Tindal C.R. Changing the Municipal Culture: From Comfortable Subordination to Assertive Maturity. Municipal World. 2006. No. 116. Pp. 37-40

Jefferson T. The Solemn Declaration and Protest of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in: Jefferson T. Writings, 1825. – P. 482-486.

Jefferson T. The Solemn Declaration and Protest of the Commonwealth of Virginia, in: Jefferson T. Writings, 1825. Pp. 482-486.

Основные теории местного самоуправления: происхождение и развитие: сб. обзоров / под ред. В.И. Фадеева. – М.: ИНИОН РАН, 1996.

Osnovnye teorii mestnogo samoupravleniya: proiskhozhdenie i razvitie. Moscow, 1996. (In Russ.).

Eaton A. The Right to Local Self-Government, I / A. Eaton // Harvard Law Review. – 1900. – Vol. 13. – № 6.

Eaton A. The Right to Local Self-Government, I. Harvard Law Review. 1900. Vol. 13. no 6.

McBain H.L. The Doctrine of an Inherent Right of Local Self-Government. I. The Extent of Its Application by American Courts / H.L. McBain // Columbia Law Review. – 1916. – Vol. 16. – № 3.

McBain H.L. The Doctrine of an Inherent Right of Local Self-Government. I. The Extent of Its Application by American Courts. Columbia Law Review. 1916. Vol. 16. no 3.

Magnusson W. Local Self-Government and the Right to the City / W. Magnusson. – Montreal-Kingston: McGill-Queen's Press, 2015. – 360 p.

Magnusson W. Local Self-Government and the Right to the City. Montreal-Kingston: McGill-Queen's Press, 2015. 360 p.

Role of Local Government in the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Final Report of the Human Rights Council Advisory Committee / United Nations General Assembly, 2015. – 19 p.

Role of Local Government in the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Final Report of the Human Rights Council Advisory Committee / United Nations General Assembly, 2015. 19 p.

Magnusson W. Are Municipalities Creatures of the Provinces? / W. Magnusson // Journal of Canadian Studies. – 2005. – Vol. 39. – № 2.

Magnusson W. Are Municipalities Creatures of the Provinces? Journal of Canadian Studies. 2005. Vol. 39. no. 2.

Fenwick F.R. First Nations Governance Act: The Inherent Right to Self-Government. What's In a Name? / F.R. Fenwick // Law Now. – 2004. – Vol. 28. – № 3.

Fenwick F.R. First Nations Governance Act: The Inherent Right to Self-Government. What's In a Name? Law Now. 2004. Vol. 28. no. 3.

Grammond S. Identity Captured by Law: Membership in Canada's Indigenous Peoples and Linguistic Minorities / S. Grammond. – Montreal-Kingston: McGill-Queen's Univ. Press, 2009.

Grammond S. Identity Captured by Law: Membership in Canada's Indigenous Peoples and Linguistic Minor-ities. Montreal-Kingston: McGill-Queen's Univ. Press, 2009. 197 p.

Somerville P. Community Governance and Democracy / P. Somerville // Policy and Politics. – 2005. – Vol. 33. – № 1.

Somerville P. Community Governance and Democracy. Policy and Politics. 2005. Vol. 33. N 1.

Sullivan H. Modernisation, Democratisation and Community Governance / H. Sullivan // Local Government Studies. – 2001. – Vol. 27. – Issue 3.

Sullivan H. Modernisation, Democratisation and Community Governance. Local Government Studies. 2001. Vol. 27. Issue 3.

Pillora S., McKinlay P. Evolution in Community Governance. Building on What Works: Literature Review. Vol. 2. Univ. of Technology, Sydney. 2011. 36 p.

Smyth P., Reddel T., Jones A. Community and Local Governance in Australia. Sydney: UNSW Press, 2005. 266 p.

2010 to 2015 Government Policy: Localism. Policy Paper / Department for Communities and Local Government, UK. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-localism/2010-to-2015-government-policy-localism.

2010 to 2015 Government Policy: Localism. Policy Paper / Department for Communities and Local Govern-ment, UK. URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-localism/2010-to-2015-government-policy-localism

Pipe J. Two Years on, What Has the Localism Act Achieved? / J. Pipe. URL: https://www.theguardian.com/local-government-network/2013/nov/02/localism-act-devolution-uk-local-authorities.

Pipe J. Two Years on, What Has the Localism Act Achieved? URL: https://www.theguardian.com/local-government-network/2013/nov/02/localism-act-devolution-uk-local-authorities.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.