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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pravo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Правоприменение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Law Enforcement Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1514</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4050</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Dostoevsky Omsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24147/2542-1514.2019.3(2).77-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pravo-233</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ НОРМ ПРАВА СУДЕБНЫМИ ОРГАНАМИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE LAW ENFORCEMENT BY THE JUDGES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Запрет представления доказательств при пропуске процессуального срока (преклюзия) в системе административно-судебной защиты в Германии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Preclusion in German administrative proceedings</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайнтцен</surname><given-names>Маркус</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Heintzen</surname><given-names>Markus</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Law, Professor, Department of Public Law, State, Administrative and TaxLaw</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markus.heintzen@fu-berlin.de</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Свободный университет Берлина, г. Берлин</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Free University of Berlin, Berlin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Правоприменение</issue-title><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хайнтцен М., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хайнтцен М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Heintzen M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/233">https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/233</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается преклюзия в немецком административном праве. В зависимости от статуса административной процедуры существуют различные типы запрета на представление доказательств. Преклюзия может применяться как в досудебных административных процедурах, так и в административном судебном процессе. При этом в обоих случаях следует проводить разграничение между теми, кто заявляет о нарушении своих собственных прав, и теми, кто выступает в защиту прав третьих лиц. Приводятся примеры преклюзивных санкций в различных сферах, в частности в налоговом и экологическом праве. Преклюзия разграничивается по содержанию на формальную и материальную преклюзию: в то время как применение формальной преклюзии ограничивается административными внесудебными процедурами (формальная преклюзия не действует в административном судебном процессе), материальная преклюзия охватывает и то, и другое. Рассматриваются пределы применения преклюзивных санкций, установленные конституционным правом и правом Европейского Союза: Суд ЕС высказался за более строгие рамки применения преклюзии, в отличие от Федерального Конституционного Суда Германии, который принципиально оправдывает конституционность преклюзии и полагает, что преклюзия не нарушает конституционные принципы надлежащей правовой защиты и справедливого судебного разбирательства. Тем не менее Суд ЕС также признает соответствующими учредительным документам Европейского Союза национальные законы, препятствующие злоупотреблению правом на обращение. По результатам рассмотрения практических аспектов преклюзии делается вывод, что эффект от применения преклюзивных санкций весьма скромный, и цели ускорения административного и судебного процесса применением этих санкций не достигаются. Однако немецкая модель преклюзии оказывает дисциплинирующее воздействие на участников административных процедур и судебного процесса, прочно вошла в немецкую административную и судебную практику и не противоречит конституционной гарантии правовой защиты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The subject</title><p>The subject. The article describes preclusion in German Administrative Law.</p><p>The purpose of the paper is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that the preclusion is an integral part of the administrative and judicial practice of Germany, despite its low efficiency.</p><p>The main results and scope of their application. There are relations of between the constitutional principle of legal protection (Art. 19 Abs. of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany) and preclusion. It is shown that there are different types of preclusion in German Administrative Law, depending on the status of the administrative procedure. It can occur in the administrative process between citizen and the administrative authority and in the administrative court process. In both acts there is to differ between those who plea an infringement of their own rights and those who consider the rights of third parties.</p><p>Examples for preclusion from different areas of the law like tax or environmental law are given. Another aspect is the difference between formal and material preclusion. While formal preclusion is limited to the administrative process and does not affect the administrative court case, material preclusion effects both acts, the administrative process and the court case.</p><p>The next part concentrates on the limits set by the constitution and European law. A decision by the European Court of Justice and by the Federal constitutional court of Germany (Bundesverfassungsgericht) are presented to specify these limits. The ECJ has a stricter approach than the German constitutional court, which ruled, that preclusion does not violate the constitutional principles of legal protection and fair hearing. Nonetheless the ECJ also agreed laws that hinder abusive pleas.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Преклюзия</kwd><kwd>административное право</kwd><kwd>административно‐ судебные споры</kwd><kwd>принцип надлежащей (эффективной) правовой защиты</kwd><kwd>Суд Европейского Союза</kwd><kwd>Федеральный Конституционный Суд Германии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Preclusion</kwd><kwd>administrative law</kwd><kwd>administrative law court cases</kwd><kwd>principle of legal protection</kwd><kwd>European Court of Justice</kwd><kwd>Federal Constitutional Court of Germany</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Russian Foundation for Basic Research</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musielak H.‐J., Voit W. 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