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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">pravo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Правоприменение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Law Enforcement Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2542-1514</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-4050</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Dostoevsky Omsk State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24147/2542-1514.2020.4(2).20-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">pravo-303</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY AND HISTORY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Отрасли частного права при тоталитарном политическом режиме (на примере развития советского трудового права в 1918 – 1930-е гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Private law branches under a totalitarian political regime (the case of Soviet labor law development in the 1918–1930s)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>Владислав Евгеньевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>Vladislav E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры «Таможенное дело и право»</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ: 5349-8264; AuthorID: 868806</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD in History, Associate Professor, Department of Customs and Law</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code: 5349-8264; AuthorID: 868806</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepanov.vladislav2009@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Омский государственный университет путей сообщения, г. Омск<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Omsk State Transport University, Omsk<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Правоприменение</issue-title><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Степанов В.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанов В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanov V.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/303">https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/303</self-uri><abstract><p>На основе изучения норм советского трудового права 1918 – 1930-х гг. рассматривается развитие частного права в условиях тоталитаризма. Посредством анализа источников права, регулирующих трудовые правоотношения, обозначены ключевые проблемы реализации права на труд. Делается вывод о том, что в условиях формирования советского тоталитарного режима преобладают административные методы управления в отраслях частного права (и в трудовом праве в частности), происходит фактическая подмена права на труд трудовой обязанностью. Отмечается, что трудовые правоотношения использовались советским государством как средство политического управления значительными массами населения. Широко применявшаяся система репрессивных мер в сфере труда обеспечивалась не только законами, но и принятием многочисленных подзаконных актов, что деформировало систему частноправовых отношений, основанных на децентрализации и свободе выбора субъектами права.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The subject</title><p>The subject. Implementation of Soviet labor law in the context of totalitarianism. Particular attention is paid to the formation of a repressive model of regulation of private law relations. The study of this problem is extremely important from the point of view of the totalitarian past of our country, covering all spheres of public life and entailing large-scale tragic consequences.The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that a totalitarian political regime seriously impacts on the essential characteristics of private law branches.The theoretical and methodological basis of the study includes the principles of objectivity and historicism, the formal logical interpretation of the Soviet legal acts concerning labor relations and the method of system analysis, which allows us to reveal the subject of research comprehensively.The main results, scope of application. During the formation of the Soviet totalitarian regime, administrative methods of governance in the branches of private law (and in labor law, in particular) prevailed. The formation and development of Soviet labor law in the 1918-1930s. fully reflects the logic of the impact of a totalitarian state on the branches of private law. The widely used system of repressive measures in the sphere of labor was provided not only by laws, but also by the adoption of numerous by-laws, which deformed the system of private law relations based on decentralization and freedom of choice by legal entities. Labor relations were used by the Soviet state as a means of political management of significant masses of the population. Along with the codification of labor legislation (the adoption of the RSFSR Labor Law Codes of 1918 and 1922), normative acts aimed at state monopolization of labor regulation were adopted. A significant number of by-laws, which actually had the highest legal force, often had a purely coercive nature and was used by management as a means of achieving political goals. There was a de facto substitution of the right to work with a labor obligation. In a totalitarian regime in 1918-1930. in fact, a labor obligation is being affirmed, and the relationship between the employee and the employer has ceased to be private in nature, being under the control of executive authorities.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Totalitarian political regime seriously changed the essential characteristics of private law branches.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Тоталитаризм</kwd><kwd>частное право</kwd><kwd>трудовое право</kwd><kwd>принуждение</kwd><kwd>военный коммунизм</kwd><kwd>новая экономическая политика</kwd><kwd>коллективизация</kwd><kwd>трудовая мобилизация</kwd><kwd>трудодень</kwd><kwd>государственное принуждение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Totalitarianism</kwd><kwd>private law</kwd><kwd>labor law</kwd><kwd>coercion</kwd><kwd>war communism</kwd><kwd>new economic policy</kwd><kwd>collectivization</kwd><kwd>labor mobilization</kwd><kwd>workday</kwd><kwd>state enforcement</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Назаренко О.А. Политический режим: теоретико-правовая характеристика / О.А. 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