Масалаб Анна Федоровна - кандидат юридических наук, старший преподаватель кафедры государственного и муниципального права Омский государственный университет им. Ф.М. Достоевского.644077, Омск, пр. Мира, 55а.
Anna F. Masalab - PhD in Law, Senior Lecturer, Department of State and Municipal Law Dostoevsky Omsk State University.55a, Mira pr., Omsk, 644077.
В статье определено соотношение терминов «контроль» и «надзор», выделены три этапа развития институтов контроля и надзора в современной России, намечены направления совершенствования контрольно-надзорной деятельности государства. Отмечается, что в настоящее время в России реализуется третий этап реформы контрольно-надзорной деятельности. На основе анализа Федерального закона «О государственном контроле (надзоре) и муниципальном контроле в Российской Федерации» сделаны выводы о его очевидных преимуществах в сравнении с действующим Федеральным законом № 294-ФЗ: расширение сферы применения риск-ориентированного подхода при осуществлении государственного контроля и надзора, более четкая регламентация всех осуществляемых мероприятий и уход от монополии проверок как основного инструмента контрольно-надзорной деятельности, применение при осуществлении контроля (надзора) превентивного, а не карательного подхода. Вместе с тем отмечается, что проблема унификации понятийного аппарата в рассматриваемой сфере остается не решенной, а реформа - далекой от завершения.
The subject. The system of state control and supervision in the Russian Federation was chosen as the subject of research. The relevance of the article is due to the need to find a balance between improving the level of law and security in various areas of business and reducing administrative pressure on business entities during control and supervisory activities.The purpose of the article is the goal is to substantiate the scientific hypothesis that the existing system of state control and supervision in Russia needs further improvement despite the performing legislative reform.The methodological basis for the study: general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, description) as well as legal interpretation of legislative acts and drafts.Results, scope of application. The correlation of the terms "control" and "supervision" is defined, the stages of development of these institutions are highlighted, and he directions for improving the control and supervision activities of the state are outlined. Analysis of the features of legislative regulation of state control and supervision allowed us to identify three stages of its formation. Currently, the third stage of the control and supervision reform is being implemented in Russia. Analysis of the new Federal law "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation" made it possible to note that this act has some obvious advantages in comparison to Law No. 294-FZ: the extension of the scope of the risk-based approach, clear regulation of all control activities, avoiding monopoly inspections as the main tool of control and supervision, use of preventive approach rather than punitive approach.Conclusions. It is concluded that the new Federal law "On state control (supervision) and municipal control in the Russian Federation" provides for the development of a risk-based approach in the implementation of control and supervision activities, as well as a number of other innovations that can, if being properly implemented, reduce the administrative burden on economic entities, change the punitive direction of the control activities to a preventive one. At the same time, the problem of unification of the conceptual apparatus in this area remains unresolved.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.