pravoПравоприменениеLaw Enforcement Review2542-15142658-4050Dostoevsky Omsk State University10.52468/2542-1514.2022.6(1).150-161pravo-605Research ArticleПРИМЕНЕНИЕ НОРМ ПРАВА ОРГАНАМИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ВЛАСТИTHE LAW ENFORCEMENT BY PUBLIC AUTHORITIESНовейшие тенденции европейского регулирования водородной энергетики в контексте обеспечения российских интересовThe latest trends of the European regulation of hydrogen energy in the context of ensuring Russian interestshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-8095ЧугуновД. К.ChugunovD. K.

Чугунов Даниил Константинович – магистр права, ведущий специалист отдела правового сопровождения проектов и взаимодействия с регуляторами Юридического управления.

191023, Санкт-Петербург, пл. Островского, 2а

Daniil K. Chugunov – Master in Law, Leading Specialist, Project Legal Support and Work with Regulators Department.

2a, Ostrovskogo pl., St. Petersbourg, 191023

daniilchugunov@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2946-5744КасьяновР. А.KasyanovR. A.

Касьянов Рустам Альбертович – доктор юридических наук, профессор кафедры европейского права.

119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76

Rustam A. Kasyanov – PhD in Law, Professor, European Law Department.

76, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454

rprof@mail.ruГазпром экспортРоссияGazprom ExportRussian FederationМосковский государственный институт международных отношений (Университет) Министерства иностранных дел Российской ФедерацииРоссияMGIMO UniversityRussian Federation20222403202261150161Copyright © Чугунов Д.К., Касьянов Р.А., 20222022Чугунов Д.К., Касьянов Р.А.Chugunov D.K., Kasyanov R.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/605

Энергетическая политика Европейского Союза (ЕС) исследуется в части поэтапного оформления низкоуглеродной политики, одной из составных элементов которой станет водородное топливо. Изучается новейшая инициатива ЕС – Стратегия ЕС по водороду, предвосхищающая энергетический переход и появление соответствующего регулирования, а также опыт реализации водородных проектов в Германии. Делаются выводы, что немецкий подход оказался передовым и наиболее отвечающим интересам России, что позволит успешно реализовывать совместные международные проекты; однако в ближайшее время ввиду отсутствия определенности относительно содержания будущего водородного регулирования на уровне ЕС (в частности, возможного перекрестного финансирования газовыми участниками водородного рынка) Россия должна пересмотреть подходы к организации национальной энергетической политики и уделить больше внимания интеграционному развитию на разных уровнях, в противном случае лишит себя конкурентных преимуществ и рычагов давления.

The subject of research is the dynamic change in the regulatory and legal framework of the EU and its Member States in the field of energy, in particular, concerning the regulation of hydrogen projects.

The purpose of the study is to propose a response from the Russian side to the measures taken by Europe.

Methodology

Methodology. The research methods include both theoretical (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy) and special legal methods of cognition (formal legal and comparative legal).

The main results and the scope of the study. The European Union initiated a comprehensive development of the energy sector within the framework of the European Green Deal: the emphasis on certain sectors is no longer placed. At the same time, there is a growing interest in hydrogen projects, which are facing the problem of absence of large-scale regulation and the difficulty of resolving financing issues. In contrast to neighboring countries, the German experience in hydrogen regulation has proved to be successful and closest to Russian interests. New energy (primarily hydrogen) markets in the EU are awaiting supranational regulation. Germany’s technical readiness has allowed it to quickly form the rules of the game in the emerging hydrogen network market, which should suit the Russian side in terms of tariffs and access. The EU is effectively adopting new documents and acts aimed at greater integration of various energy sectors within the Union and “discarding” traditional energy and its actors. The rapid development of the law reduces the chances of successful implementation of projects with the participation of non-EU member states.

Conclusions

Conclusions. In the near future, in particular, on the eve of the emergence of hydrogen regulation at the EU level, Russia should reconsider the approaches to organizing the national energy policy and pay more attention to integration development. The opposite will entail economic losses and deprive the Russian side of competitive advantages and leverage. The study of the material can affect the improvement of energy legislation and business processes with the participation of third countries (for example, Russia), as well as their companies, interacting with the EU: for example, “Gazprom” Group is already considering various options for realizing hydrogen projects in Europe. Moreover, the EU experience can be useful for unlocking the energy potential of the Eurasian Economic Union. Separately, countries should consider the quantitative criterion and the phenomenon of 27 EU “heads” (by the number of member states), comprehensively improving energy orders at various levels, despite sometimes arising internal contradictions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.