pravoПравоприменениеLaw Enforcement Review2542-15142658-4050Dostoevsky Omsk State University10.52468/2542-1514.2022.6(2).19-31pravo-627Research ArticleТЕОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯTHEORY AND HISTORY OF LAW ENFORCEMENTИнтернационализация отечественного права в контексте правовых позиций Конституционного Суда Российской Федерации и Верховного Суда Российской ФедерацииInternationalization of domestic law in the context of legal positions of the Russian Constitutional Court and the Russian Supreme Courthttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5432-8958АничкинЕ. С.AnichkinE. S.

Аничкин Евгений Сергеевич – доктор юридических наук, доцент, Почетный работник высшего профессионального образования Российской Федерации, заведующий кафедрой конституционного и международного права. ResearcherID: AAB-3885-2019 Scopus AuthorID: 5719057052.

656049, Барнаул, пр. Социалистический, 68

Evgeny S. Anichkin – Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Honorary Worker of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Federation, Head, Department of Constitutional and International Law. ResearcherID: AAB-3885-2019 Scopus AuthorID: 5719057052.

68, Sotsialisticheskii pr., Barnaul, 656049

rrd231@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3122-531XВасильевА. А.VasilievA. A.

Васильев Антон Александрович – доктор юридических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой теории и истории государства и права, директор юридического института. ResearcherID: N-8386-2016 Scopus AuthorID: 57210645825.

656049, Барнаул, пр. Социалистический, 68

Anton A. Vasiliev – Doctor of Law, Associate Professor, Head, Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Director, Law Institute. ResearcherID: N-8386-2016 Scopus AuthorID: 57210645825

68, Sotsialisticheskii pr., Barnaul, 656049

anton_vasiliev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2030-3909УсвятН. Д.UsvyatN. D.

Усвят Надежда Даниловна – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков экономического и юридического профилей.

656049, Барнаул, пр. Социалистический, 68

Nadezhda D. Usvyat – PhD in Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Department of Foreign Languages of Economic and Legal Profiles.

68, Sotsialisticheskii pr., Barnaul, 656049

oosvyat@mail.ruАлтайский государственный университетРоссияAltai State UniversityRussian Federation202221062022621931Copyright © Аничкин Е.С., Васильев А.А., Усвят Н.Д., 20222022Аничкин Е.С., Васильев А.А., Усвят Н.Д.Anichkin E.S., Vasiliev A.A., Usvyat N.D.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://enforcement.omsu.ru/jour/article/view/627

Посредством анализа законодательства, а также правовых позиций Конституционного Суда РФ и Верховного Суда РФ выявлены проблемы толкования ч. 4 ст. 15 Конституции РФ. Судебные правовые позиции по вопросам соотношения международного и отечественного права разделены на две группы: о взаимодействии международных договоров с внутренним правом России и об оценке инкорпорации правовых позиций Европейского Суда по правам человека в правовую систему России. Сделан вывод, что консолидирующими идеями всех судебных правовых позиций являются безусловный приоритет Конституции РФ, необходимость разграничения нормативного содержания международного договора с участием Российской Федерации и актов официального толкования уполномоченным органом его норм, а также стремление к сохранению конституционной самобытности России.

The article is aimed at identifying legal positions on the relationship between international and domestic Russian law in the decisions of Russian Constitutional Court and Russian Supreme Court.

The purpose of the article is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that the practice of Russian Constitutional Court and Russian Supreme Court significantly changed the content of norm of Russian Constitution that recognizes generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international treaties as part of the Russian legal system.

The methodological basis of the study was formed by both general scientific methods (dialectical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction) and special methods (synergistic, systemic-structural and formal-legal).

The main results, scope of application. The main body of the article covers three interrelated issues. Firstly, the problems of interpretation of Pt. 4 of Art. 15 of the Russian Constitution. These problems are summarized to the ratio of the categories “generally recognized principles of international law” and “generally recognized norms of international law”, to possible contradictions between the current international treaty with the participation of Russia and the provisions of the Russian Constitution as well as to exceptions from the priority of international treaties over the domestic law of Russia. Five such exceptions are highlighted: the unconditional primacy of the Russian Constitution; domination of an international treaty only in the event of a conflict of its norms with the internal law of Russia; the presence in an international treaty of dispositive norms that are inferior to domestic law; taking into account the level of legal force when determining the correlation of an international treaty with the sources of national Russian law; implementation of an international treaty as self-executing or non-self-executing, when the priority of the latter directly depends on the adoption of an appropriate normative act of domestic law. Secondly, the system of legal positions of the Russian Constitutional Court on the relationship between international and domestic law and their target mission is considered. The legal positions on the issue under study are divided into two groups - on the interaction of international treaties with the domestic law of Russia and on the assessment of the prospects for the incorporation of the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights into Russian legal system and the limits of its jurisdiction. The consolidating basis of all judicial legal positions is the unconditional priority of the Russian Constitution, the need to differentiate the normative content of an international treaty with the participation of the Russian Federation and acts of official interpretation by the authorized body of its norms, as well as the desire to preserve the constitutional identity of Russia. Thirdly, the subject of reflection was the limits of the internationalization of domestic law.

Conclusions. There is an obstacle to the further internationalization of domestic law. It is the presence of spheres of public and state life that cannot and should not be included in the subject of international legal regulation and are subject exclusively to domestic legal impact. In addition, the framework of internationalization is due to the conflict with the state sovereignty of Russia and the desire to ensure the inviolability of the foundations of the constitutional order and national interests, and to ensure the country's constitutional identity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.